A comparative analysis of spanish and british colonies. Colonial history 1834 french colonize algeria after 4 year occupation following a brutal conquest approach to colonization. Maritime expansion, driven by commercial ambitions and by competition with france, accelerated in the 17th century and resulted in the establishment of settlements in north america and the west indies. It is said that religious motives played the most important role but economic motives played just as big of a role. During the early and midsixteenth century, the english tended to conceive of north america as a base for piracy and harassment of the spanish. By 1670 there were british american colonies in new england, virginia, and maryland and settlements in the bermudas, honduras, antigua, barbados, and nova scotia. The british were one of the most important colonizers of the americas and their american empire came to rival the spanish american colonies in extent. On the internet, the students could research and become resident experts of. Pdf british colonialism and its linguistic consequences. Life in colonial america colonial cities some cities had cobblestone streets lit by oil lamps.
Decolonization byzig zag summer2006 contents introduction p. Citizenship was offered to algerians who converted to christianity and had attained a university education. European colonization of the americas in 1492, christopher columbus, representing the spanish throne, ushered in a new era of european expansion. British colonization of the united states of america about. The british were very successful, on the whole, in colonizing the eastern seaboard of north america. Eso colonialism and imperialism the british empire great britain had been established since the seventeenth century as the great european naval power. But by the end of the century, the english began to think more seriously about north america as a place to colonize. We can compare the process of americanization in north america with that of creolization in the caribbean and latin america as processes similar to the sinicization of much of east asia, the bantuization of subsaharan africa, the romanization of especially western europe, the. Colonization refers strictly to migration, for example, to settler colonies in america or australia, trading posts, and plantations, while colonialism to the existing indigenous peoples of styled new territories. Resistance and rebellion in colonial latin america. Todays lesson standard indicator departure of the pilgrim fathers charles west cope. The english colonization of america and australia by. Only a small percentage came directly to the north american colonies.
The first colony, based on roanoke island near the coast of virginia, on the verge of destruction due to attacks continue reading british colonization of the united states of america. After the french war ended in 1763, the colonies had become peaceful and rich. During the revolutionary period, colonial boycotts of british goods were effective measures of protest because they a reduced the profits of british merchants b lowered the cost of imports c convinced british merchants to join the loyalist cause d left british. By 1763 the english had established dominance in north america, having defeated france and spain in the french and indian war. With help from their powerful indian allies, the spanish rapidly conquered territory. The british, and others from northern europe, were latecomers to the imperial contest. Over this same period, portugal colonized much of eastern south america, which is now brazil. There, in 1620, this small group of families founded the plymouth colony, the second permanent english colony in north america. Lecture notes the conquest of america anthropology. Colonization economic prosperity single men hoped to make fortunes in virginia and return to england previous explores brought home tales of vast amounts of gold and other valuable resources english patriotism adventurers wanted to stake english claim to prevent spanish from taking over all of north america. The american colonies were the british colonies that were established during the 17th and early 18th centuries in what is now a part of the eastern united states. Later, the fort was renamed jamestown, the first permanent british settlement in america. May 07, 2018 on the orders of the queen of england, elizabeth i, a reconnaissance expedition reached the american coast in 1584, and named it the open coast of virginia, in honor of elizabeth i, who never married.
Others chiefl y british, dutch, french, and spanish came later to claim the lands and riches of what they called the new world. Before its downfall, the british empire colonized over 100 countriesincluding north america and almost a third of africa, and in 1922 the empire spread over 33. European settlements for military reasons and for resource extraction. The seven years war resulted in the decisive turning point in british colonial relations. The british planned to keep 10,000 troops in america just to protect. Cohen skip to main content accessibility help we use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Colonization of america compare the spanish and british colonization in 1492 the colonization begun with the arrival of christopher columbus to one of the caribbean island, the spanish people wanted to find china to get an cultural exchange but instead they found a unknown land fill of people that received them with arms wide open, the spanish were fascinated with the prosperous of their land. According to the economic thinkers of those days, colonies would help the mother country become selfsufficient and wealthy. One of the main reasons for the british government to establish the colonization in australia was caused by the need to the government to reduce the overcrowding convicts in the prison system in britain. Using the accompanying documents, your knowledge of the time period and topic, and any other resources you have or care to consult, respond to the following question fully, accurately, and from a. The first years of the colony were extremely difficult, during the hungry winter of 16091610. British jamestown 1607 at the beginning, the british were weak. There were, however, several failed colonies, such as roanoke, an early attempt to create a.
The columbian exchange was the spread of plants, animals, people, goods. The spanish expanded their territories in america over the years until they included central america, most of south america, mexico, the south of what today is southern united states, the western part of what today is the united states, the southwestern part of what today is british columbia in canada, and even reaching alaska. Roanoke colonization began in 1584 and was an ultimate failure. Exploration and colonization of north america, the fur trade, new france. At the same time, she encouraged the production of certain naval products in the colonies, and permitted american as well as british ships to transport goods between mother england and colonial america.
The first years of the colony were extremely difficult, during the hungry winter. European colonization of america pdf files lock n load. Englands government implemented mercantilism with a series of navigation acts 1650 to 1673 which established the rules of colonial trade throughout the entire empire, not just with british america. Students compare and contrast the colonies in british north america. The english, and later the british, were among the most important colonizers of. The following bachelors thesis french and british colonization of north america, mutual sociocultural relations between the french and the british colonists and the native americans between 15th and 18th centuries will discuss the topics raised in the subject of the colonization of north america by the british and the french. All electronic storage, reproduction, or transmittal is. Chapter 4 british mercantilism and the cost of empire t. Some people, like the puritans and pilgrims, were persecuted by the church. Most people in britain, ireland, and the rest of europe were peasants or tenant farmers with small, overworked lands and high rents.
After the battle of the plains of abraham the colony of new france was also under british control after the american revolution, some people still used the term to refer to what is now the country of. Encouraged by its spectacular industrial development, the uk set up an empire stretching from canada in america to australia and new zealand in oceania, from. Reasons for the british colonization of north america the english had many motives for founding the colonies in america. Nov 15, 2012 before its downfall, the british empire colonized over 100 countriesincluding north america and almost a third of africa, and in 1922 the empire spread over 33. A british force under edward braddock lands in america to provide support against the french in the ohio valley go to french and indian war 17541763 in the oxford essential dictionary of the u. Media projects incorporated published by facts on file inc. Most of the southern and southwestern regions claimed, as well as sections of the california coast. Colonization and settlement, 15851763 gilder lehrman. The european colonization of the americas describes the history of the settlement and establishment of control of the continents of the americas by. Colonies were established in north, central and south america and in the caribbean, and a protectorate was established in hawaii. British colonization of the americas began in the late 16th century. Franklin supports his argument with america s first political cartoon. Led by a growing demand for colonial exports, linked to an expanding commercial empire, protected and promoted by a strong imperial system, and endowed with an abundance of natural resources, the british colonies. The british colonization of south america by tomoka manji issuu.
England placed restrictions on colonial exports, imports, and manufacturing. The thirteen colonies were areas settled by the british between 1607 and 1732. Sir walter raleigh wanted to increase the amount of land owned and ruled by the british empire, so he wanted to claim more land in america for the british crown. English leaders for a long time and for various reasons had advocated the founding of colonies in. The fi rst explorers were searching for a sea passage to asia. Download pdf colonization of english america free online. From now on, the british would colonize the american atlantic coast. This site links directly to a pdf of the document a history of the legislative. On december 20, 1606, the colonists built a fort, named after king james fort. Theproprietors who owned the carolinas encouraged people to come. The colonization of british north america as an episode in the history of christianity volume 72 issue 3 charles l. Its capital, philadelphia, soon becomes the leading city of british america. In his attempt to reach india by going west instead of east, he discovered an entire region that was largely unknown to europe. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the.
Colonization efforts began in the 16th century with efforts by the kingdom of england to establish. It was these colonies that rose up against the british to gain their independence in the american revolution. North america looking for religious freedom, economic. The spanish colonies settled in central and south america.
The history of colonial north america centers primarily around the struggle of england, france, and. Colonial america during the colonial unit, there are a variety of places where technology could be incorporated. On the other hand, the colonial penetration of south and southeast asia mainly under the british, the. Feb 19, 2017 colonization is often considered as a concept or action of the far distant past that has little to do with the modern world today. Essay on colonization of america 672 words bartleby. The pilgrims of massachusetts were pious, selfdisciplined english people who wanted to escape religious persecution.
The defeat of the spanish armada and experience gained from the failure of raleigh paved the way for success. Humanism and america provides a major study of the impact of the renaissance and renaissance humanism upon the english colonization of america. In groups, the students could create a power point presentation of one of the main 5 colonies. Discuss william cronons changes in the land, taylor chaps. Introduction why did england wish to establish colonies. King george wanted to slow colonists, by making them move away from the colonies on the coast, where important british markets were. Spanish colonies crownsponsored conquests gained riches for spain and expanded its empire. As the colonies started to grow, britain decided on the policy of salutary neglect.
Caribbean and south america, then to north america. England had heard of the gold spain had been getting for the americas. Colonial america was settled by spanish, dutch, french and english immigrants in colonies such as st. People either colonized for wealth or religious freedom. Colonization of america compare the spanish and british colonization in 1492 the colonization begun with the arrival of christopher columbus to one of the caribbean island, the spanish people wanted to find china to get an cultural exchange but instead they found a unknown land fill of people that received them with arms wide open, the. British colonization of the americas including colonization by both the kingdom of england and the kingdom of scotland before the acts of union, which created the kingdom of great britain in 1707 began in 1607 in jamestown, virginia and reached its peak when colonies had been established throughout the americas. Between 1607 and 1775 the economy of british america became increasingly successful according to the modern measures of such things. Spanish colonization of the americas simple english.
This was the case in thompson manitoba, labrador city, wabush mines, churchill falls lab west and happy valleygoose bay. British exploration, early settlement and colonization in north america 1 british colonization in north america by the beginning of 1600, there were three european countries in north america. British colonists, on the other hand, had little interest in establishing a bond with the natives, continuing the english tradition of expansion through colonization and trade and concentrating on enhancing their wealth via plantations and the tobacco industry. Within a decade, three european power establish colonies. Colonization or colonisation is a process by which a central system of power dominates the surrounding land and its components.
The colonies grew both geographically along the atlantic coast and westward and numerically to from the time of their founding to the american revolution. The second copy of the organizer may be used as an answer key, for differentiated instruction, for students who were absent. In 1619, when the first enslaved africans were brought to british north america, at. Roanoke was the englishs first attempt at colonization in the new world of america. Unit 1 colonization coach parkers us history class. British north america simple english wikipedia, the free. Colonial settlements presented new business opportunities for merchants. Jamaica was obtained by conquest in 1655, and the hudsons bay company established itself in what became northwestern canada from the 1670s on. Chapter 5 the english civil war, the restoration, and the first british empire in america pp. Early settlers had a variety of reasons for seeking a new homeland. British colonization of the americas academic kids.
If the results of the wars against france leave the british colonists in america with a new sense of confidence, they also make parliament in london increasingly aware both of the value of the american colonies and of the likely cost of defending them. Colonization of america compare the spanish and british colonization in 1492 the colonization begun with the arrival of christopher columbus to one of the caribbean island, the spanish people wanted to find china to get an cultural exchange but instead they found a unknown land fill of people that received them with arms wide open, the spanish. From the 1880s the states of western europe rushed to carve up the continent. Portugal and spain, having launched the socalled age of discovery at the end of the fifteenth century, laid claim to most of what is today central and south america. British north america was what the british owned part of the continent of north america was called, mostly before the american revolution. The british colonization of south america by tomoka manji. People enjoyed reading mail from relatives and english newspapers and magazines. The british colonization of the americas describes the history of the establishment of control, settlement, and decolonization of the continents of the americas by the kingdom of england, the kingdom of scotland, and, after the union of those two countries in 1707, the kingdom of great britain.
Reasons for the british colonization of north america essay. Often alleged that viking, welsh, irish, phoenician, egyptians etc. History of the united states, from the discovery of the american. Jan 27, 2020 pilgrim fathers on their way to church, 1620. It allowed the british government, not the colonists to control the westward movement. Many cities had libraries, bookshops, and impressive public buildings. However, those regions that had been colonized by the french or spanish would retain national characteristics that linger to this day. Economic motives economic considerations were undoubtedly the most effective in promoting colonization. Cultural consequences of colonization salikoko mufwene. What were the differences between british and spanish. British colonization of the united states of america.
Great britain made its first tentative efforts to establish overseas settlements in the 16th century. Reasons for the british colonization of north america. Franklin argues that the british colonies must unite if they are to survive against the french. Pdf file you will need software on your computer that allows you to read and print portable. Colonialism and its impacts in the 1940s and 1950s, indigenous peoples in canadas near north started to be displaced by. As a class, they brainstorm a list of people, places and ideas associated with the colonial.
Print collectorcontributorhulton archivegetty images. The analysis is conducted through an interdisciplinary examination of a broad spectrum of writings on colonization, ranging from the works of thomas more to those of the virginia company. British mercantilism and the cost of empire hree hundred years ago, nations wanted colonies in order to increase their power. One reason for this reexamination may be sentimentality for a simpler ordered world, as a number of these new accounts cast colonial empires in a more favorable light than has generally been customary. As a result, they gained control of much of western south america, central america and mexico by the mid16th century. Explorers, such as david livingstone helped to spread the british empire in africa. The middle passage the voyage across the atlantic was a horrifying experience where men, women, and children were packed in the ships belowdeck quarters. The body claimed the authority to raise taxes and pass legislationsubject to veto by the english governor. He suggests a colonial government, made up of representatives from each of the colonies under the leadership of a president general appointed by the british. Essay on colonization of america 672 words 3 pages.